Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis

Degenerative spondylolisthesis is a condition where the lumbar spine shifts forward or backward, often occurring in middle-aged individuals, with the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4) being a common location. While the exact cause is not clear, it is often associated with aging, where the intervertebral discs and surrounding joints and ligaments of the lumbar spine gradually loosen. This leads to instability in the lumbar spine, causing it to slip, and the slippage progresses over time. While the severity of symptoms can vary, it may initially manifest as mild lower back pain. As the slippage progresses, it can lead to spinal stenosis, causing intermittent claudication (pain and numbness worsening with prolonged walking, relieved by bending forward). In advanced stages, individuals may also experience lower limb pain and numbness even at rest.